What is difference between plant and animal cell under microscope?
Plant cells and animal cells are both eukaryotic cells,
meaning that they contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
However, there are several key differences between plant cells and animal cells
that can be observed under a microscope.
1. Cell Wall:
Plant cells have a rigid cell wall made of cellulose that surrounds the cell
membrane, providing structural support and protection. Animal cells do not have
a cell wall.
2. Chloroplasts:
Plant cells contain chloroplasts, which are organelles responsible for
photosynthesis. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, a green pigment that absorbs
light energy and converts it into chemical energy. Animal cells do not have
chloroplasts.
3. Vacuoles:
Plant cells have a large central vacuole that takes up most of the space within
the cell. The vacuole stores water, nutrients, and waste products and helps
maintain turgor pressure in the cell. Animal cells may have small vacuoles, but
they are not as large or prominent as in plant cells.
4. Shape: Plant
cells tend to be more rectangular or square-shaped, while animal cells tend to
be more irregular in shape.
5. Size: Plant
cells are generally larger than animal cells, with an average size of 10-100
microns, while animal cells are typically smaller, with an average size of
10-30 microns.
6. Mitosis:
Plant cells undergo cytokinesis through the formation of a cell plate, while
animal cells undergo cytokinesis through the formation of a cleavage furrow.
In summary, plant cells and animal cells have several observable
differences under a microscope, including the presence of a cell wall and
chloroplasts in plant cells, the large central vacuole in plant cells,
differences in shape and size, and differences in the process of cytokinesis
during cell division.
Plant and animal cell features?
Cell Wall: The cell wall is a rigid outer layer that
surrounds the cell membrane in plant cells. It is made up of cellulose and
provides structural support and protection to the cell. The cell wall also
helps maintain the shape of the cell and prevents the cell from bursting due to
osmotic pressure.
Chloroplasts: Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant
cells that are responsible for photosynthesis. They contain chlorophyll, a
green pigment that absorbs light energy and converts it into chemical energy. Chloroplasts
have a unique structure, consisting of an outer and inner membrane, stacked
thylakoid membranes, and a fluid-filled stroma. They are the reason that plant
cells are green in color.
Vacuoles: Vacuoles are large, fluid-filled organelles found
in plant cells. They serve a variety of functions, including storage of
nutrients, waste products, and pigments. They also help maintain turgor
pressure in the cell, which is important for maintaining the shape of the cell.
Shape of Plant and Animal Cells: Plant cells tend to be more
rectangular or square-shaped, while animal cells tend to be more irregular in
shape. This is due in part to the presence of the cell wall in plant cells,
which gives them a more defined shape. Animal cells are more flexible in shape,
allowing them to move and change shape as needed. Additionally, plant cells
often have a large central vacuole that takes up a significant amount of space
within the cell, which can affect the overall shape of the cell.
In summary, the cell wall, chloroplasts, and vacuoles are
three important organelles found in plant cells that help give them their
unique structure and function. The shape of plant cells tends to be more rigid
and defined compared to the more flexible and irregular shape of animal cells.
Animal cells are the basic units of structure and function in
animals. They are eukaryotic cells, meaning that they contain a nucleus and
other membrane-bound organelles. Animal cells are highly specialized to carry
out specific functions within the body. Here are some key features of animal
cells:
1. Cell
membrane: The cell membrane is a thin, flexible barrier that surrounds the cell
and controls what enters and exits the cell.
2. Nucleus: The
nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's DNA. It is
responsible for regulating gene expression and controlling the cell's
activities.
3. Mitochondria:
Mitochondria are organelles that are responsible for producing energy in the
cell. They convert glucose and oxygen into ATP, which the cell uses as a source
of energy.
4. Ribosomes:
Ribosomes are organelles that are responsible for synthesizing proteins. They
read the genetic code in the DNA and assemble amino acids into proteins.
5. Endoplasmic
reticulum (ER): The ER is a network of membranous tubes and sacs that is
involved in protein and lipid synthesis, as well as the transport of molecules
within the cell.
6. Golgiapparatus: The Golgi apparatus is a stack of flattened membrane-bound sacs that
is involved in modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids for
transport within the cell or secretion outside of the cell.
7. Lysosomes:
Lysosomes are organelles that contain digestive enzymes. They break down and
recycle cellular waste and debris.
8. Cytoskeleton:
The cytoskeleton is a network of protein fibers that provides structural
support and helps maintain the shape of the cell. It also plays a role in cell
movement and division.
Animal cells are diverse in shape and size, ranging from
small, spherical cells to long, fibrous cells. They can be found in a variety
of tissues and organs throughout the body, and they work together to carry out
the functions of the organism as a whole.


0 Comments